Delusion
A delusion is a belief held with absolute conviction, such that it is not changeable, even by compelling counterargument or proof to the contrary. A primary delusion has no obvious cause considering the patient's circumstances. Secondary delusions are more closely linked with the rest of the clinical picture; for example, grandiose delusions (the belief of inflated self-worth) are common in mania, and a persecutory delusion may be seen in paranoid schizophrenia. A bizarre delusion is one that would be seen as totally implausible within the patient's culture.
Overvalued idea
An overvalued idea is an unreasonable, sustained, intense preoccupation that is maintained with less than delusional intensity, i.e. the patient may accept that it might not be true. An obsession is a repetitive senseless thought that is recognised as irrational but is unsuccessfully resisted by the person. The motor equivalent of an obsessional thought is a compulsion - a repetitive, stereotyped, seemingly purposeful behaviour that is not actually useful and is recognised as such by the patient. Ideas of reference are thoughts that the events or objects in one's immediate environment have a particular or unusual significance. Monomania is a pathological preoccupation with a single subject, and egomania is a pathological preoccupation with oneself.
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